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Relationship Between Depression and Addiction free essay sample

Gloom is a crazy issue stamped particularly by misery, latency, trouble thinking and focusing, loss of hunger, restlessness, and low confidence. We will compose a custom exposition test on Connection Between Depression and Addiction or then again any comparable point explicitly for you Don't WasteYour Time Recruit WRITER Just 13.90/page I’m demonstrating how everything can influence one another. Wretchedness can be both hereditarily acquired and welcomed on by a horrible encounter either as a youngster or grown-up. â€Å"Community contemplates have evaluated the 24% of ladies and 15% of men will sooner or later in their lives is clinically discouraged. † (Zautra. Feelings, Stress, and Health, pg. 133). Misery is an all-inclusive time of aggravation in both positive and negative influence frameworks. A dark period in a person’s life can have a ton of adverse feeling and next to no constructive feelings. You could have an extraordinary day and afterward before you know it you’re in a burdensome state. This can be credited to different upsetting occasions or little cases that can set a burdensome state into movement. Regular feelings or stressors can prompt sentiments of misery and low confidence. â€Å"Large despondency is the stuff of breakdowns. † (Solomon. The Noonday Demon, pg. 17). Melancholy resembles a structure rusting throughout the years however with anguish and instabilities that in the long run breakdown. There are two models of despondency: The first is the dimensional: it is on a continuum with misery that speaks to an outrageous form. The second is the all out: this portrays wretchedness as an ailment separate from different feelings. Inside discouragement one of the principal things to go is bliss, however not long after your different feelings follow. A portion of these different feelings are misery, your comical inclination, and your faith in and limit with regards to adore. Sorrow is profoundly sensational and obviously extraordinary. Melancholy exists in time. Wretchedness additionally pairs the danger of coronary failures. It’s characterless, hazes the days, cripples the shading in every day and debilitates customary activity. It leaves you drained, exhausted and self-fixated. It removes trust in any relationship, you begin to feel that individuals are discussing you or they don’t love you. You begin to imagine that they don’t care. A few people are weakened to such an extent that they shut down and push everyone away. Discouragement is an extreme dim spot; it causes vulnerability and loss of control. At the point when you have a scene you can’t discover your equalization to right it. At the point when it comes it debases one’s self and at last obscurations the capacity to give or get expressions of love. You wind up coming the steady way or an abrupt trigger of feeling that carries you to a spot that’s for the most part not quite the same as the real world. You believe you are transforming into something weak, similar to a kid that increasingly more of you will simply overwhelm in the breeze. It causes you to feel less and not exactly ordinary. It causes you to feel inconsequential and you begin to question your value. It’s not the outcome of a decreased degree of anything we can gauge. It hits individuals in various manners. Some are inclined to oppose or fight through it; some are powerless in its hold. As per ongoing exploration, about 3% of Americans †somewhere in the range of 19 million †experience the ill effects of ceaseless misery. In excess of 2 million of those are youngsters. †(Solomon. The Noonday Demon. Pg. 25). Misery asserts a greater number of years than war, disease and AIDS. Pills and love are 2 different ways forward. It currently exists as an individual and a social wonder. So as to treat melancholy you have to comprehend the experience of a breakdown, the method of activity, drug, and the most well-known talking treatment. Smart treatment requires close assessment on explicit variations of melancholy. Kids, old and sexual orientation are a portion of these variations. Substance abusers structure an exceptionally huge subcategory of their own. They mask the burdensome ailment without anyone else curing with liquor and medications. Sadness and substance misuse structure a cycle. Individuals who are discouraged maltreatment substances in a manner to liberate themselves from feeling discouraged. A few people who misuse substances disturb their lives to the point that they become discouraged. Medication and liquor fixation can be delegated hereditary. Dependence is likewise viewed as an ailment. A few people misuse medications and liquor to get away from the detestations of their family and work circumstances. Some utilization since they were manhandled genuinely and intellectually. Other due to losing their youngsters, business or conjugal breakdowns. Substance misuse brings about gigantic expenses to the abuser and their families. As in melancholy, sentiments of forlornness and absence of positive feeling are a wellspring of why dependence begins. I found as a someone who is addicted myself that to control my feelings; I would utilize cocaine to get away. I mishandled medications to get by through my feelings. This evasion of torment, joined with the confounding of the sentiment of needing might be what underlines the treadmill of enslavement. Cocaine appears to square dopamine take-up, with the goal that you have all the more coasting around in your cerebrum; morphine causes the arrival of dopamine. Research shows that if the cerebrum is continually overflowed with dopamine it will build up a protection from the medication. It’s why we as addicts need increasingly more to get high. At the point when addicts go into recuperation, they not, at this point have the over the top arrival of dopamine. They begin to feel level and discouraged. Others with family ancestries of habit will in general have lower levels of endorphins than the individuals who are hereditarily and slanted to compulsion. A discouraged individual is probably going to become dependent more quickly than an individual who isn’t discouraged. Caffeine, nicotine and liquor are the legitimate substances mishandled. Liquor can work admirably of muffling the agony. Cocaine is a costly medication that causes a significant accident after 48-72 hrs. It reliably drains your neuron stores. This causes the accident. At the point when you at long last accident you have significant weakness, fomentation and sadness. Cocaine is viewed as a drawn out despondency augmenter. Discouragement empowers addicts. Despondency debilitates you and shortcoming is the surest way to fixation. AA and other 12 stage programs give strong settings in which individuals can securely share about their encounters with liquor, misery and their own feelings of trepidation. With a support and a specialist you can begin the way to recuperating yourself. Acknowledging what you have to change about yourself enables you to proceed onward and in the long run help other people. It perhaps the hardest procedure conceding that you are a someone who is addicted. I know for me returning will murder me. Misery for me exhausts my vitality and causes me not to think about anything.

Stop Setting Goals And Start Building Habits - Focus

Stop Setting Goals And Start Building Habits - Focus What’s more important when you’re trying to make changes to your life, health, and career: Setting goals or building habits? For most of us, we’ve been taught it’s the former. Goals help us stay focused and keep us moving in the right direction. But while goals are certainly important, more research is showing that it’s our habits that ultimately decide what we do and who we become. According to researchers from Duke University, up to 40% of our behaviors on any given day are driven by habit. That’s nearly half your day spent on autopilot doing things that either help or hurt your progress.   With so much of your actions controlled by habits, it only makes sense to spend more time and effort guiding your unconscious mind, rather than simply setting goals. Why what you do is more important than what you want There’s no denying that having goals is important for anything you want to do in life. Whether that’s losing weight, writing a novel, or starting a business. Goals help you to visualize where you want to go. But unfortunately, they’re not very good at helping you get there. Goals fail for a number of reasons. More specifically: Goals are an end, not a beginning: When you’re setting a goal, you’re really just setting a desired outcome. However, studies have shown that only focusing on the end result is less likely to keep you motivated and focused. Goals rely on too many factors outside of our control: Our lives are chaotic and more often than not something or someone will get in the way of achieving your goals. Without solid habits in place, it’s all too easy to lose motivation to keep working towards your goals. Goals take more willpower than we have: It takes a tremendous amount of mental energy to work towards your goals every day. However, our brains were designed to be lazy and conserve energy as much as possible, meaning it’s easy for those “just once” exceptions to start creeping into your day. Simply put, goals just don’t provide you with the tools you need to make real change. On the other hand, habitsâ€"small, repeated actionsâ€"compound over time, giving you results you never could have imagined by simply setting a goal. As Atomic Habits author James Clear writes: Changes that seem small and unimportant at first will compound into remarkable results if youre willing to stick with them for years. Here’s an example: Think back to a year ago. What habit do you wish you’d started then and stuck with? If you had decided to write 500 words a day, you’d now have enough for almost 2 novels. Or imagine if you’d gone to the gym every single day for an entire year? The changes feel astronomical, but the actions it takes to get there aren’t on the same scale. How new habits form (and stick) While it’s easy to talk about wanting to build new habits, the reality is that they’re hard to start and even harder to keep. So how do you not only build a new habit but make it stick? The first place to start is understanding how habits form. By their definition, habits are a small action that is repeated regularly and often automatically. In The Power of Habit, author Charles Duhigg explains the 3 steps required in order for a habit to be formed. Cue: A trigger that initiates the habit Routine: The action you take (your habit) Reward: The benefit you get from taking the action Or, as Duhigg puts it: A habit is a formula our brain automatically follows: When I see the CUE, I will do ROUTINE in order to get a REWARD. This sounds simple enough in theory. But how does it work in the real world? Let’s start with an example of a bad habit most of us have developed: Checking our phone too much. Cue: Your phone buzzes, alerting you that some new notification or update is available. Routine: You take your phone out of your pocket, swipe open, and search for the source of the notification. Is it an email? Text? Twitter or Instagram? Reward: You find out what the notification was, satisfying your curiosity that was triggered when your phone buzzed and potentially giving you a hit of dopamine (a “good feeling” chemical released in our brain) from being tagged on social media or seeing a message from a friend. Here’s where the power of habits comes into play. Once you go through this loop enough times your brain will automate the process to the point of not even needing a buzz or notification as a cueâ€"you’ll just mindlessly reach for your phone throughout the day. Now imagine if you replaced that bad habit of checking your phone with a good one? With the right habits, you can make sure you write 500 words every morning or floss your teeth every night, or go to the gym at 5 pm every day. Once you understand the framework that causes a habit to be formed and stick, you can start to use it to build the positive lifestyle you’ve always wanted.       Brainstorm, plan and present your ideas Try MindMeister Its Free! Try MindMeister The importance of starting small Just like the example of building a habit of checking your phone started with a tiny action (phone buzzes, you check), building good work habits needs to follow a similar playbook. The big changes you want to make in your life (writing more, stopping smoking, getting in shape) are just the culmination of thousands of tiny actions. And the more you can automate the decision to do that action and build a habit, the more likely you are to get there. It’s not easy to form these habits (or break bad ones), but it is doable. Here are a few tips to help you get started building better habits: Make the action obvious The cue that triggers your habit sometimes needs a little help getting started. It’s all well and good to say you’re going to eat healthier, but actually following through is another thing. First, start by actually scheduling your habit cue. If you want to eat healthier foods throughout the day, set a timer or a reminder for when you’re most likely to want a snack. Rather than let your bad habit continue unconsciously, you can preempt it. Next, create “if-then” statements for your day. Most habits aren’t time-based but are triggered by another action or observation. For example, “when you sit down at your desk then you start writing” or “when someone sends your a Slack message then you respond right away.” If the action you’re taking in these situations isn’t what you want to do, you can reprogram yourself. Write your new “if-then” statements (such as, “when I get a Slack message then I will set my status to away until I’m ready to respond”) and put them on a sticky note.   Make your routine as easy as possible We often give up on our goals because we’ve been over-ambitious in what we achieve. And if we’re not careful, that same issue can creep into our habits. To stick with them until they become automatic, our habits need to be small and ridiculously easy to do. Instead of working out 5 times a week, which involves scheduling, travel, showering, and cleaning your gym clothes, start by doing 5 pushups or squats, or going for a 5-min walk around the block. As behavioral economist BJ Fogg writes: To create a new habit, you must first simplify the behavior. Make it tiny, even ridiculous. A good tiny behavior is easy to doâ€"and fast. The power of good habits is in their compounding ability. The more you keep them up, the bigger the return. See also: The 5 Second Rule by Mel Robbins (Mind Map Summary) Eliminate bad options and make good ones more   Our environment is an incredibly powerful tool when it comes to building habits. Until a habit becomes automatic it’s still a choice, which means you have to sort through the other, more immediate options. Trying to eat healthier, but your morning meetings ran late? Just grab a slice of pizza. Want to work on your novel but you’re already on the couch at home? Just toss the TV on for a bit. You deserve it! When social psychologist Kathleen Vohs studied the science of self-control, she found that making repeated choices depleted the mental energy of her subjects. And it didn’t even matter if those choices were mundane or relatively pleasant. The easiest way she found to negate this was to simply get rid of the other options. Don’t want to eat unhealthy food? Don’t keep it in the house so you have to go out and drive to the store. Don’t want to watch TV? Unplug it and put it in the closet. Want to start waking up earlier? Use a simple timer outlet to automatically turn off your internet router at a certain time. The more you can make your routine not only the best option but the only option, the more likely it will become automatic. See also: The Seven Habits of Highly Effective People (Mind Map Summary) For better or worse, tiny actions can have massive results There’s nothing wrong with having big, audacious goals. The act of goal setting is a great way to solidify the direction you want to go in and what your priorities are. But it’s not the best way to actually change your life. Instead of going after the big changes, look at the small, tiny, non-obvious actions you take every single day. Do anything for long enough and you’ll see incredible changes to your life. Want more help building better habits? Check out this guide to building good work habits (and getting rid of bad ones). Brainstorm, Plan Collaborate Try MindMeister Stop Setting Goals And Start Building Habits - Focus What’s more important when you’re trying to make changes to your life, health, and career: Setting goals or building habits? For most of us, we’ve been taught it’s the former. Goals help us stay focused and keep us moving in the right direction. But while goals are certainly important, more research is showing that it’s our habits that ultimately decide what we do and who we become. According to researchers from Duke University, up to 40% of our behaviors on any given day are driven by habit. That’s nearly half your day spent on autopilot doing things that either help or hurt your progress.   With so much of your actions controlled by habits, it only makes sense to spend more time and effort guiding your unconscious mind, rather than simply setting goals. Why what you do is more important than what you want There’s no denying that having goals is important for anything you want to do in life. Whether that’s losing weight, writing a novel, or starting a business. Goals help you to visualize where you want to go. But unfortunately, they’re not very good at helping you get there. Goals fail for a number of reasons. More specifically: Goals are an end, not a beginning: When you’re setting a goal, you’re really just setting a desired outcome. However, studies have shown that only focusing on the end result is less likely to keep you motivated and focused. Goals rely on too many factors outside of our control: Our lives are chaotic and more often than not something or someone will get in the way of achieving your goals. Without solid habits in place, it’s all too easy to lose motivation to keep working towards your goals. Goals take more willpower than we have: It takes a tremendous amount of mental energy to work towards your goals every day. However, our brains were designed to be lazy and conserve energy as much as possible, meaning it’s easy for those “just once” exceptions to start creeping into your day. Simply put, goals just don’t provide you with the tools you need to make real change. On the other hand, habitsâ€"small, repeated actionsâ€"compound over time, giving you results you never could have imagined by simply setting a goal. As Atomic Habits author James Clear writes: Changes that seem small and unimportant at first will compound into remarkable results if youre willing to stick with them for years. Here’s an example: Think back to a year ago. What habit do you wish you’d started then and stuck with? If you had decided to write 500 words a day, you’d now have enough for almost 2 novels. Or imagine if you’d gone to the gym every single day for an entire year? The changes feel astronomical, but the actions it takes to get there aren’t on the same scale. How new habits form (and stick) While it’s easy to talk about wanting to build new habits, the reality is that they’re hard to start and even harder to keep. So how do you not only build a new habit but make it stick? The first place to start is understanding how habits form. By their definition, habits are a small action that is repeated regularly and often automatically. In The Power of Habit, author Charles Duhigg explains the 3 steps required in order for a habit to be formed. Cue: A trigger that initiates the habit Routine: The action you take (your habit) Reward: The benefit you get from taking the action Or, as Duhigg puts it: A habit is a formula our brain automatically follows: When I see the CUE, I will do ROUTINE in order to get a REWARD. This sounds simple enough in theory. But how does it work in the real world? Let’s start with an example of a bad habit most of us have developed: Checking our phone too much. Cue: Your phone buzzes, alerting you that some new notification or update is available. Routine: You take your phone out of your pocket, swipe open, and search for the source of the notification. Is it an email? Text? Twitter or Instagram? Reward: You find out what the notification was, satisfying your curiosity that was triggered when your phone buzzed and potentially giving you a hit of dopamine (a “good feeling” chemical released in our brain) from being tagged on social media or seeing a message from a friend. Here’s where the power of habits comes into play. Once you go through this loop enough times your brain will automate the process to the point of not even needing a buzz or notification as a cueâ€"you’ll just mindlessly reach for your phone throughout the day. Now imagine if you replaced that bad habit of checking your phone with a good one? With the right habits, you can make sure you write 500 words every morning or floss your teeth every night, or go to the gym at 5 pm every day. Once you understand the framework that causes a habit to be formed and stick, you can start to use it to build the positive lifestyle you’ve always wanted.       Brainstorm, plan and present your ideas Try MindMeister Its Free! Try MindMeister The importance of starting small Just like the example of building a habit of checking your phone started with a tiny action (phone buzzes, you check), building good work habits needs to follow a similar playbook. The big changes you want to make in your life (writing more, stopping smoking, getting in shape) are just the culmination of thousands of tiny actions. And the more you can automate the decision to do that action and build a habit, the more likely you are to get there. It’s not easy to form these habits (or break bad ones), but it is doable. Here are a few tips to help you get started building better habits: Make the action obvious The cue that triggers your habit sometimes needs a little help getting started. It’s all well and good to say you’re going to eat healthier, but actually following through is another thing. First, start by actually scheduling your habit cue. If you want to eat healthier foods throughout the day, set a timer or a reminder for when you’re most likely to want a snack. Rather than let your bad habit continue unconsciously, you can preempt it. Next, create “if-then” statements for your day. Most habits aren’t time-based but are triggered by another action or observation. For example, “when you sit down at your desk then you start writing” or “when someone sends your a Slack message then you respond right away.” If the action you’re taking in these situations isn’t what you want to do, you can reprogram yourself. Write your new “if-then” statements (such as, “when I get a Slack message then I will set my status to away until I’m ready to respond”) and put them on a sticky note.   Make your routine as easy as possible We often give up on our goals because we’ve been over-ambitious in what we achieve. And if we’re not careful, that same issue can creep into our habits. To stick with them until they become automatic, our habits need to be small and ridiculously easy to do. Instead of working out 5 times a week, which involves scheduling, travel, showering, and cleaning your gym clothes, start by doing 5 pushups or squats, or going for a 5-min walk around the block. As behavioral economist BJ Fogg writes: To create a new habit, you must first simplify the behavior. Make it tiny, even ridiculous. A good tiny behavior is easy to doâ€"and fast. The power of good habits is in their compounding ability. The more you keep them up, the bigger the return. See also: The 5 Second Rule by Mel Robbins (Mind Map Summary) Eliminate bad options and make good ones more   Our environment is an incredibly powerful tool when it comes to building habits. Until a habit becomes automatic it’s still a choice, which means you have to sort through the other, more immediate options. Trying to eat healthier, but your morning meetings ran late? Just grab a slice of pizza. Want to work on your novel but you’re already on the couch at home? Just toss the TV on for a bit. You deserve it! When social psychologist Kathleen Vohs studied the science of self-control, she found that making repeated choices depleted the mental energy of her subjects. And it didn’t even matter if those choices were mundane or relatively pleasant. The easiest way she found to negate this was to simply get rid of the other options. Don’t want to eat unhealthy food? Don’t keep it in the house so you have to go out and drive to the store. Don’t want to watch TV? Unplug it and put it in the closet. Want to start waking up earlier? Use a simple timer outlet to automatically turn off your internet router at a certain time. The more you can make your routine not only the best option but the only option, the more likely it will become automatic. See also: The Seven Habits of Highly Effective People (Mind Map Summary) For better or worse, tiny actions can have massive results There’s nothing wrong with having big, audacious goals. The act of goal setting is a great way to solidify the direction you want to go in and what your priorities are. But it’s not the best way to actually change your life. Instead of going after the big changes, look at the small, tiny, non-obvious actions you take every single day. Do anything for long enough and you’ll see incredible changes to your life. Want more help building better habits? Check out this guide to building good work habits (and getting rid of bad ones). Brainstorm, Plan Collaborate Try MindMeister

Practicing Witchcraft In Massachusetts - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 6 Words: 1830 Downloads: 4 Date added: 2019/05/28 Category History Essay Level High school Tags: Salem Witch Trials Essay Did you like this example? The Salem Witch Trials took place in Salem Massachusetts in the early 1690s. In these trials over 200 people were accused of practicing witchcraft. According to the Smithsonian, 20 out of those 200 were executed and two dogs were executed as well. Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "Practicing Witchcraft In Massachusetts" essay for you Create order Salem was by no means the first site of witch trials. Thousands of women were burnt at the stake in the middle ages and numerous accusations occurred in the 17th century. At the time of the trials, Salem was split in two, Salem Town, and Salem Village. Salem Town was big on trade and commerce, while Salem Village was big on farming. Salem Village was full of Puritans who were not pleased with Salem Town and they wanted to separate. Salem Village was the only colonial town with more than two people accused and convicted of witchcraft. During the time of the witch trials, members of the community were already on edge due to severe weather and illness spreading. The weather was negatively affecting the harvest and smallpox was traveling through Salem Village like crazy. On top of everything, nearby Indian villages began attacking Salem. All of these factors led to the mass hysteria that caused many to be executed, however one cannot say with confidence that one of these factors was the sole cause of The Salem Witch Trials. The first women accused of witchcraft in Salem were accused in February of 1962. Two young girls, 9-year-old Elizabeth Parris the daughter of Salemrs minister, and her cousin 11-year-old Abigail Williams began acting in strange manners. As doctors could not explain their behavior it was deemed supernatural activity. The hysteria soon set in and the young girls were questioned about the witches who were causing these fits. These girls soon gave up three names, Sarah Good, Tituba, and Sarah Osburn. On March 1st, 1962 the three were arrested: It must be borne in mind, that it was then an established doctrine in theology, philosophy, and law, that the Devil could not operate upon mortals, or mortal affairs, except through the intermediate instrumentality of human beings in confederacy with him, that is, witches or wizards. The question, of course, in all minds and on all tongues, was: Who are the agents of the Devil in afflicting these girls?. There must be some among us thus acting, and who are they? For some time the girls held back from mentioning names; or, if they did, it was prevented from being divulged to the public. In the meantime, the excitement spread and deepened. At length, the people had become so thoroughly prepared for the work, that it was concluded to begin operations in earnest. The continued pressure upon the ?afflicted children, the earnest and importunate inquiry, on all sides. Who is it that bewitches you? opened their lips in response, and they began to select and bring forward their victims. One a fter another, they cried out Good, Osburn, Tituba. On the 29th of February, 1692, warrants were duly issued against those persons. It is observable, that the complainants who procured the warrants in these cases were Joseph Hutchinson, Edward Putnam, Thomas Putnam, and Thomas Preston. This fact shows how nearly unanimous, at this time, was the conviction that the sufferings of the girls were the result of witchcraft. Salem Witchcraft: Volume II by Charles W. Upham These arrests were the spark that lit the flame of the witch trials. They all denied use of witchcraft until one came forward, the ministers slave, and confessed. Only one of these women were executed, but they all suffered tremendously. Sarah Good was one of the first people to be gravely affected by these trials. Sarah Good was born in 1653 to a well-off man, however, her fathers estate got tied up leaving her with nothing. Good married an indentured servant who died in 1686 with loads of debt. Sarah then went on to marry a man and they ended up homeless with two young children because they had to pay off her first husbands debt. She didnt have a good reputation, because of this many considered her a town nuisance. This status made her an easy target for accusations. When Elizabeth and Abigailrs diagnoses were supernatural forces Good quickly got pointed out. Good remained in jail until June 28th when she was officially condemned for multiple charges of witchcraft. She was charged for using witchcraft against three people, Sarah Bibber, Elizabeth Hubbard, and Ann Putnam, Jr. While Good was in jail, her 4-year-old daughter was arrested for witchcraft. A deposition from Anne Putnam explains why: The deposition of Ann Putnam who testifieth and saith that on the 3th March 1691/92 I saw the apparition of Dorothy Good, Sarah Goodrs daughter, who did immediately almost choke me and tortured me most grievously; and so she hath several times since tortured me by biting and pinching and almost choking me tempting me also to write in her book and also on the day of her examination being the 24th of March 1691/92 the apparition of Dorothy Good tortured me during the time of her examination and several times since. Dorothy Good got out of jail after eight months, but the court was not done with her mom yet. Sarah was put on trial in June of 1692. Good never confessed to the crimes she was accused of, but she did state that Sarah Osburn tormented the young girls. On July 19th Good and four others, Rebecca Nurse, Susannah Martin, Elizabeth Howe, and Sarah Wildes, were brought to Proctorrs Ledge and hanged. Sarah Osburn was born in 1643 in Watertown Massachusetts. She later married a well-known man by the name of Robert Prince and she moved to Salem Village with him in 1662. Prince died in 1674 leaving Osburn a widow with three kids and a 150-acre farm. Sarah hired an indentured immigrant, Alexander Osburn, to help work the farms. Alexander paid off his indenture and the two married making Sarah, Sarah Osburn. The farm had been left with Sarah with the plan of her sons taking over when they came of age, but now Sarah was married and wanted to keep ownership for her and her husband. The battle for the land continued until Sarah was accused of witchcraft in 1692. Sarah was accused by many people, though she never confessed nor did she try to blame the other women that were arrested with her in March. Her case was never solved, as she died shackled in her jail cell in May of 1692. Tituba was born in an Barbados. Her mother was hanged after resisting sexual advances from her white owner. Tituba was run off the plantation and she ended up living with Mama Yaya, who taught her traditional healing methods. Tituba returned to slavery when she fell in love with and married a slave named John Indian, they were both sold to Samuel Parris. Parris brought her to Boston in 1680. He took her to Salem when he was appointed a minister in 1689. Tituba mainly took care of Parrisrs daughter and niece, Elizabeth Parris and Abigail Williams. When Elizabeth, Abigail, and some of their friends began acting weird finger were quickly pointed at Tituba, as she spent most of her time with the girls. Tituba was accused of voodoo for witch cake to reveal the Parris girls fatal fortunes in egg yolks. When Tituba appeared in court in March of 1692 she confessed that The devil came to me and bid me serve him. Martha Corey dared to speak up against these accusations against Good, Osburn, and Tituba. Soon after the girls learned Corey was questioning them, she was accused of practicing witchcraft. Ann Putnam claims that she saw Martha in an apparition, on March 12th Ann was asked what Martha was wearing in the apparition, to which she replied: I was so blinded I could not see. When Edward Putnam and Ezekiel Cheever went to confront Martha, she asked if Ann could even tell them what she was wearing. The men took her knowing this as a sign of witchcraft. She was arrested on March, 19th 1962. Days later another person, Abigail Hobbs, named Martha as a witch. However, Hobbs also named Marthars husband Giles as a wizard. The trial took place in September 1962, many people testified against both of them. On September 10th Martha was convicted of witchcraft. Just nine days later Giles was executed in a way that had never been seen before. Giles Corey was stripped naked, a board placed upon his chest, and then, while his neighbors watched, heavy stones and rocks were piled on top of the board. It was a punishment never before seen or ever again inflicted in the colony of Massachusetts. Corey pleaded to have more weight added so that his death might come quickly. He was eventually crushed to death at the age of eighty. Judge Jonathan Corwin ordered Corey buried in an unmarked grave on Gallows Hill. On the 22nd Martha was hanged along with five other women, and two men on Gallows Hill. It wasn t until 1954 that Martha was officially absolved of her crimes. Many factors played into the witch trials, including the weather and recent attacks. However, everyone can agree that the trials ended abruptly, although many believe that it was due to selfish reasons. On October 12, 1692, Governor Phips issued an order that protected the current prisoners from harm and suspended any more arrests of people accused of witchcraft. Robert Calef, a merchant outraged by the progress of the trials, stated that Governor Phips only issued these orders on the belief that his own wife had been accused of working for Satan. There were trials to hear the last of the cases, but nobody else was condemned. The last trial was held in January of 1693. The years following the witch trials were harsh as well, people were stuck in jail and unable to pay. Others lost their land when they got convicted and were left homeless and broke. Throughout the year of witch trials six main girls had been doing the accusing, however only one girl publicly apologized. That girl was Ann Putnam Jr. Ann accused over sixty people of witchcraft. In 1706 Ann claimed stated: I desire to be humbled before God for that sad and humbling providence that befell my fathers family in the year about ninety-two; that I, then being in my childhood, should, by such a providence of God, be made an instrument for the accusing of several people for grievous crimes, whereby their lives was taken away from them, whom, now I have just grounds and good reason to believe they were innocent persons; and that it was a great delusion of Satan that deceived me in that sad time. She also stated that: that the devil had taken her, and she had no choice but to do what she was told. None of the other girls apologized, they all went on to get married and live as though they had not played a key role in the deaths of many men and women.

Brave New World Loss Of Individuality Analysis - 906 Words

How much would civilization and humanity change, if we created a society centered around stability? The futuristic novel Brave New World, published by Aldous Huxley, depicts a totalitarian government, which is a â€Å"political regime based on subordination†¦ and strict control of all aspects of the life and productive capacity of the nation.† This government succeeds in securing stability with the use of biotechnological and socio-scientific techniques. The World State has achieved â€Å"Community, Identity, Stability† (21) and prosperity at the loss of individuality and humanity. In Huxley’s Brave New World, the reigning totalitarian government gets rid of individualism through artificial births, physiological training, and censorship of religion†¦show more content†¦Atkinson speaks on conditioning when he states, â€Å"†¦ children are formed to think along the lines of the state’s ‘suggestions,’ or what the state believe s and finds to be important.† At the Hatchery, children go through hypnopaedia. Hypnopaedia, or sleep teaching, is the repetition of a particular phrase until it is embedded in their minds. An example of this is the phrase, â€Å"everyone belongs to everyone else† (40). We learn this phrase is repeated one hundred times, three times a week for four years (52). The children are conditioned other ways, however. Young brave new worlders are traumatized with shock therapy to condition them against liking flowers and books. When they are older, the children visit hospitals to be death-conditioned; they learn death is natural and pleasant, not something to cry over. None of these processes can beat what soma does though. Soma is a drug that is supposed to make you forget the struggles of real life and to alleviate stress and pain. Rather, it provides an inauthentic sense of happiness which makes people comfortable with the lack of freedom they have. Soma is a substitute for r eligious feelings and is named â€Å"Christianity without tears,† (217) by Mr. Mond. Citizens are basically mentally powerless, making it impossible to protest stability. 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The government within the novel focuses solely on the bettering of technology and not scientific exploration and experimentation. The society’s values lie in instant gratification and constant happiness. The utopia is maintained through the means of drugs,Read MoreMy Research For Brave New World1703 Words   |  7 Pages Cultural Clash In my research for Brave New World, I came across literary criticism that unveiled fresh perspective of the work when it comes to the psychology of characters. The idea of a perfectly stable world versus a world of recklessness and savagery that shape every aspect of human morale and convictions held at society’s core beliefs; which through psychological analysis of characters and how their external influences can vindicate questionable actions displayed by those in the novel. TheRead MoreThe Life and Works of Kate Chopin1569 Words   |  6 PagesKate wrote two novels and hundreds of short stories. 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Orwell envisioned INGSOC, a state based on security and repressive surveillance, utilising totalitarianism forms of control. Whilst Huxley depictedRead MoreGeorge Orwell s Brave New World, 1984, And King Lear3482 Words   |  14 PagesControl is presented in various ways in Brave New World, 1984, and King Lear. The ways in which the omnipresent governments in 1984 and Brave New World deploy power and control draw significant areas of comp arison to each other, as well as contrasting to the presentation of power and control in King Lear. Various methods are utilised in order to exercise power and control in 1984, King Lear, and Brave New World. â€Å"Hypnopaedia† is employed in Brave New World as a method of mass control. Infants areRead MoreAnalysis Of George Orwell s Brave New World And King Lear 2620 Words   |  11 PagesPower and Control is a central theme presented in â€Å"Brave New World†, â€Å"1984†, and â€Å"King Lear†. The ways in which power and control are deployed in the omnipresent governments depicted in both â€Å"1984† and â€Å"Brave New World† draw large areas of comparison to each other. Conversely, in â€Å"King Lear† it is the dissolution and eventual division of power that remains at the centre of the play. This will allow me to further my analysis of how the authors have presented power and control in each three texts.Read MoreOn Mother-Daughter Relationship in the Women Warrior6552 Words   |  27 PagesCultural confrontation and reconc iliation is always a major concern of the Chinese American writers who live between two worlds. Standing on the interface of the two cultures, Kinston, one of the representatives of those Chinese American writers, adopts the Chinese tradition of talk story and two generations experiences in America, and presents readers with the between-world situation in The Woman Warrior. Through her representative work-The Woman Warrior, Kinston explores the Chinese American experienceRead MoreMasculinity in Chuck Palahniuks Work7062 Words   |  29 Pagesit is depicted in Palahniuk’s writings and explore Palahniuk’s intentions and beliefs. I will interpret the responses of select critics in order to gain some understanding of what Palahniuk deems to be the ideal model of masculinity in the modern world, beneath his post-modern twists, transgressive characterization and vecernal style. This discussion will attempt to uncover what Palahniuk portrays as the cause of emasculation, i f anything at all. To begin I will discuss the excess of recent decadesRead MoreEssay on Analysis of George Orwells 19844218 Words   |  17 PagesAnalysis of George Orwells 1984 War Is Peace. Freedom Is Slavery. Ignorance Is Strength. The party slogan of Ingsoc illustrates the sense of contradiction which characterizes the novel 1984. 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Engine powered by liquid hydrogen Free Essays

string(64) " force per unit area to be every bit high as for other methods\." Wide Range of Flammability: In comparing with all other fuels, Hydrogen has a really broad scope of flammability. Hence, Hydrogen can be combusted in an internal burning engine over a broad scope of fuel-air mixtures. One of the important advantages of this is that Hydrogen fuel can run a really thin mixture. We will write a custom essay sample on Engine powered by liquid hydrogen or any similar topic only for you Order Now A thin mixture is one in which the sum of fuel is less than the theoretical, stoichiometric or chemically ideal sum needed for burning with a given sum of air. This is why it is reasonably easy to acquire an engine to get down on H. In general, fuel economic system is greater and the burning reaction is more complete when a vehicle is run on a thin mixture. Besides, the concluding burning temperature is lower hence cut downing the sum of pollutants, such as N oxides, emitted in the fumes. However, there is a bound to how thin the engine can be run, as thin operation can significantly cut down the power end product due to a decrease in the volumetric heating value of the air/fuel mixture Low Ignition Energy: Ignition energy is the energy needed to light a fuel. Hydrogen has really low ignition energy. The sum of energy needed to light H is about one order of magnitude less than that required for gasolene. The feature of low Ignition energy enables hydrogen engines to light thin mixtures and besides ensures prompt ignition. Unfortunately, the low ignition energy besides carries the hazard that hot gases and hot musca volitanss on the cylinder can function as beginnings of ignition and hence making jobs such as premature ignition and flashback. Preventing the above mentioned jobs is one of the jobs associated with runing an engine on H. The broad flammability scope of H agencies that about any mixture can be ignited by a hot topographic point. Small Quenching Distance: Hydrogen has a little extinction distance, even smaller than that of gasolene. Hence, it ‘s more hard to slake a H fire than a gasolene fire. The inclination for blowback additions as a consequence of smaller extinction distance, since the fire from a hydrogen-air mixture more readily passes a about closed consumption valve, than a hydrocarbon-air fire. High Auto-Ignition Temperature: Hydrogen has a comparatively high auto-ignition temperature. This characteristic is of import because the hydrogen-air mixture has to be compressed and therefore plays an of import function in finding the compaction ratio that an engine can utilize, since the temperature rise during compaction is related to the compaction ratio. The temperature should non transcend the auto-ignition temperature, as this would do a premature ignition. Hence, the absolute concluding temperature controls the compaction ratio. The high car ignition temperature of H allows larger compaction ratios to be used in a H engine than in a hydrocarbon engine. On the other manus, H is hard to light in a compaction ignition or Diesel constellation, because the temperatures needed for those types of ignition are comparatively high. High Flame Speed Hydrogen has high fire velocity at stoichiometric ratios. Under these conditions, the H fire velocity is about an order of magnitude higher ( faster ) than that of gasolene. This means that H engines can more closely approach the thermodynamically ideal engine rhythm. At leaner mixtures, nevertheless, the fire speed decreases significantly. High Diffusivity Hydrogen has really high diffusivity. This ability to scatter in air is well greater than gasolene and is advantageous for two chief grounds. First, it facilitates the formation of a unvarying mixture of fuel and air. Second, if a H leak develops, the H disperses quickly. Therefore, insecure conditions can either be avoided or minimized. Low Density Hydrogen has really low denseness. This consequences in two jobs when used in an internal burning engine. First, a really big volume is necessary to hive away adequate H to give a vehicle an equal drive scope. Second, the energy denseness of a hydrogen-air mixture, and therefore the power end product, is reduced. Fuel Delivery Systems Hydrogen fuel bringing system can be broken down into three chief types: Cardinal injection ( or â€Å"carburetted† ) Port injection Direct injection Central and port fuel bringing systems injection forms the fuel-air mixture during the intake shot. In the instance of cardinal injection or a carburetor, the injection is at the recess of the air intake manifold. In the instance of port injection, it is injected at the recess port. Direct cylinder injection is more technologically sophisticated and involves organizing the fuel-air mixture inside the burning cylinder after the air consumption valve has closed. Cardinal Injection or Carburetted Systems: The simplest method of presenting fuel to a H engine is by manner of a carburetor or cardinal injection system. This system has advantages for a H engine. First, cardinal injection does non necessitate the H supply force per unit area to be every bit high as for other methods. You read "Engine powered by liquid hydrogen" in category "Essay examples" Second, cardinal injection or carburetors are used on gasolene engines, doing it easy to change over a standard gasolene engine to hydrogen or a gasoline/hydrogen engine. The disadvantage of cardinal injection is that it is more susceptible to irregular burning due to pre-ignition and back fire. The greater sum of hydrogen/air mixture within the consumption manifold compounds the effects of pre-ignition. Port Injection Systems The port injection fuel bringing system injects fuel straight into the consumption manifold at each consumption port, instead than pulling fuel in at a cardinal point. Typically, the H is injected into the manifold after the beginning of the consumption shot. At this point conditions are much less terrible and the chance for premature ignition is reduced. In port injection, the air is injected individually at the beginning of the consumption shot to thin the hot residuary gases and cool any hot musca volitanss. Since less gas ( H or air ) is in the manifold at any one clip, any pre-ignition is less terrible. The recess supply force per unit area for port injection tends to be higher than for carburetted or cardinal injection systems, but less than for direct injection systems. The changeless volume injection ( CVI ) system uses a mechanical cam-operated device to clip the injection of the H to each cylinder. The CVI block is shown on the far right of the exposure with four fuel lines go outing on left side of the block ( one fuel line for each cylinder ) . The electronic fuel injection ( EFI ) system meters the H to each cylinder. This system uses single electronic fuel injectors ( solenoid valves ) for each cylinder and pumped to a common fuel rail located down the Centre of the consumption manifold. Whereas the CVI system uses changeless injection timing and variable fuel rail force per unit area, the EFI system uses variable injection timing and changeless fuel rail force per unit area. Direct Injection Systems More sophisticated H engines use direct injection into the burning cylinder during the compaction shot. In direct injection, the consumption valve is closed when the fuel is injected, wholly avoiding premature ignition during the intake shot. Consequently the engine can non backlash into the consumption manifold. The power end product of a direct injected H engine is 20 % more than for a gasolene engine and 42 % more than a H engine utilizing a carburetor. While direct injection solves the job of pre-ignition in the consumption manifold, it does non needfully forestall pre ignition within the burning chamber. In add-on, due to the reduced commixture clip of the air and fuel in a direct injection engine, the air/fuel mixture can be non-homogenous. Surveies have suggested this can take to higher NOx emanations than the non-direct injection systems. Direct injection systems require a higher fuel rail force per unit area than the other. Thermal Dilution Pre-ignition conditions can be curbed utilizing thermic dilution techniques such as fumes gas recirculation ( EGR ) or H2O injection. As the name implies, an EGR system re-circulates a part of the fumes gases back into the consumption manifold. The debut of exhaust gases helps to cut down the temperature of hot musca volitanss, cut downing the possibility of pre-ignition. Additionally, re-circulating fumes gases cut down the peak burning temperature, which reduces NOx emanations. Typically a 25 to 30 % recirculation of fumes gas is effectual in extinguishing blowback. On the other manus, the power end product of the engine is reduced when utilizing EGR. The presence of exhaust gases reduces the sum of fuel mixture that can be drawn into the burning chamber. Another technique for thermally thining the fuel mixture is the injection of H2O. Injecting H2O into the H watercourse prior to blending with air has produced better consequences than shooting it into the hydrogen-air mixture within the consumption manifold. A possible job with this type of system is that H2O can acquire assorted with the oil, so care must be taken to guarantee that seals do non leak. Engine Design The most effectual agencies of commanding pre-ignition and knock is to re-design the engine for H usage, specifically the burning chamber and the chilling system. A discoid burning chamber ( with a level Piston and chamber ceiling ) can be used to cut down turbulency within the chamber. The disc form helps bring forth low radial and digressive speed constituents and does non magnify recess whirl during compaction. Since unburned hydrocarbons are non a concern in H engines, a big bore-to-stroke ratio can be used with this engine. To suit the wider scope of fire velocities that occur over a greater scope of equality ratios, two flicker stoppers are needed. The chilling system must be designed to supply unvarying flow to all locations that need chilling. Extra steps to diminish the chance of pre ignition are the usage of two little exhaust valves as opposed to a individual big one, and the development of an effectual scavenging system, that is, a agency of displacing exhaust gas from th e burning chamber with fresh air. Ignition Systems Due to hydrogen ‘s low ignition energy bound, lighting H is easy and gasoline ignition systems can be used. At really thin air/fuel ratios ( 130:1 to 180:1 ) the fire speed is reduced well and the usage of a double flicker stopper system is preferred. Ignition systems that use a waste flicker system should non be used for H engines. These systems energize the flicker each clip the Piston is at top dead Centre whether or non the Piston is on the compaction stroke or on its exhaust shot. For gasolene engines, waste flicker systems work good and are less expensive than other systems. For H engines, the waste flickers are a beginning of pre-ignition. Spark stopper for a H engine should hold a cold evaluation and have non-platinum tips. A cold-rated stopper is one that transfers heat from the stopper tip to the cylinder caput quicker than a hot-rated flicker stopper. This means the opportunities of the flicker stopper tip lighting the air/fuel charge is reduced. Hot rated spark stop pers are designed to keep a certain sum of heat so that C sedimentations do non roll up. Since H does non incorporate C, hot-rated flicker stoppers do non function a utile map. Platinum-tip flicker stopper should besides be avoided since Pt is a accelerator, doing H to oxidise with air. Crankcase Ventilation: Crankcase airing is even more of import for H engines than for gasolene engines. As with gasolene engines, un-burnt fuel can ooze by the Piston rings and enter the crankcase. Since H has a lower energy ignition bound than gasolene, any un-burnt H come ining the crankcase has a greater opportunity of lighting. Hydrogen should be prevented from roll uping through airing. Ignition within the crankcase can be merely a startling noise or consequence in engine fire. When H ignites within the crankcase, a sudden force per unit area rise occurs. To alleviate this force per unit area, a force per unit area alleviation valve must be installed on the valve screen. Exhaust gases can besides ooze by the Piston rings into the crankcase. Since H fumes is H2O vapor, H2O can distill in the crankcase when proper airing is non provided. The commixture of H2O into the crankcase oil reduces its lubrication ability, ensuing in a higher grade of engine wear. Emissions: The burning of H with O green goodss H2O as its lone merchandise: 2H2 + O2 = 2H2O The burning of H with air nevertheless can besides bring forth oxides of N ( NOx ) : H2 + O2 + N2 = H2O + N2 + NOx The oxides of N are created due to the high temperatures generated within the burning chamber during burning. This high temperature causes some of the N in the air to unite with the O in the air. The sum of NOx formed depends on: The air/fuel ratio The engine compaction ratio The engine velocity The ignition timing Whether thermic dilution is utilised In add-on to oxides of N, hints of C monoxide and C dioxide can be present in the fumes gas, due to ooze oil combustion in the burning chamber. Depending on the status of the engine ( combustion of oil ) and the operating scheme used ( a rich versus thin air/fuel ratio ) , a H engine can bring forth from about zero emanations ( every bit low as a few ppm ) to high NOx and important C monoxide emanations. Power End product: The theoretical maximal power end product from a H engine depends on the air/fuel ratio and fuel injection method used. As mentioned in above, the stoichiometric air/fuel ratio for H is 34:1. At this air/fuel ratio, H will displace 29 % of the burning chamber go forthing merely 71 % for the air. As a consequence, the energy content of this mixture will be less than it would be if the fuel were gasolene ( since gasolene is a liquid, it merely occupies a really little volume of the burning chamber, and therefore allows more air to enter ) . Since both the carburetted and larboard injection methods mix the fuel and air prior to it come ining the burning chamber, these systems limit the maximal theoretical power gettable to about 85 % of that of gasolene engines. For direct injection systems, which mix the fuel with the air after the consumption valve has closed ( and therefore the burning chamber has 100 % air ) , the maximal end product of the engine can be about 15 % higher than that for gasolene engines. Therefore, depending on how the fuel is metered, the maximal end product for a H engine can be either 15 % higher or 15 % less than that of gasolene if a stoichiometric air/fuel ratio is used. However, at a stoichiometric air/fuel ratio, the burning temperature is really high and as a consequence it will organize a big sum of N oxides ( NOx ) , which is a criteria pollutant. Since one of the grounds for utilizing H is low exhaust emanations, H engines are non usually designed to run at a stoichiometric air/fuel ratio. Typically hydrogen engines are designed to utilize approximately twice every bit much air as theoretically required for complete burning. At this air/fuel ratio, the formation of NOx is reduced to near nothing. Unfortunately, this besides reduces the power end product to about half that of a likewise sized gasolene engine. To do up for the power loss, H engines are normally larger than gasolene engines, and/or are equipped with turbochargers or superchargers. Hydrogen Gas Mixtures: Hydrogen can be used well in internal burning engines as an linear to a hydrocarbon fuel. Hydrogen is most normally assorted with high force per unit area natural gas for this intent since both gases can be stored in the same armored combat vehicle. If H is blended with other fuels, it normally has to be stored individually and assorted in the gaseous province instantly before ignition. In general, it is impractical to utilize H in concurrence with other fuels that besides require bulky storage systems, such as propane. Gaseous H can non be stored in the same vas as a liquid fuel. Hydrogen ‘s low denseness will do it to stay on top of the liquid and non blend. Furthermore, liquid fuels are stored at comparatively low force per unit areas so that really small H could be added to the vas. Liquid H can non be stored in the same vas as other fuels. Hydrogen ‘s low boiling point will stop dead other fuels ensuing in fuel â€Å"ice† . Hydrogen can be used in concurrence with compact liquid fuels such as gasolene, intoxicant or Diesel provided each are stored individually. In these applications, the fuel armored combat vehicles can be formed to suit into fresh infinites on the vehicle. Existing vehicles of this type tend to run utilizing one fuel or the other but non both at the same clip. One advantage of this scheme is that the vehicle can go on to run if H is unavailable. Hydrogen can non be used straight in a Diesel ( or â€Å"compression ignition† ) engine since H ‘s car ignition temperature is excessively high ( this is besides true of natural gas ) . Therefore, diesel engines must be outfitted with spark stoppers or utilize a little sum of Diesel fuel to light the gas ( known as pilot ignition ) . Although pilot ignition techniques have been developed for usage with natural gas, no 1 is presently making this with H. One commercially available gas mixture known as Hythane contains 20 % H and 80 % natural gas. At this ratio, no alterations are required to a natural gas engine, and surveies have shown that emanations are reduced by more than 20 % . Mixtures of more than 20 % H with natural gas can cut down emanations further but some engine alterations are required. Thin operation of any internal burning engine is advantageous in footings of oxides of nitrogen emanations and fuel economic system. For hydrocarbon engines, thin operation besides leads to take down emanations of C monoxide and unburned hydrocarbons. As more O is available than required to burn the fuel, the extra O oxidizes more C monoxide into C dioxide, a less harmful emanation. The extra O besides helps to finish the burning, diminishing the sum of unburned hydrocarbons. As with H, the drawback of thin operation with hydrocarbon fuels is a decreased power end product. Thin operation of hydrocarbon engines has extra drawbacks. Thin mixtures are difficult to light, despite the mixture being above the LFL of the fuel. This consequence in dud, which increases unburned hydrocarbon emanations, reduces public presentation and wastes fuel. Another disadvantage is the decreased transition efficiency of 3-way catalytic convertors, ensuing in more harmful emanations. To some extent, blending H with other hydrocarbon fuels reduces all of these drawbacks. Hydrogen ‘s low ignition energy bound and high firing velocity makes the hydrogen/hydrocarbon mixture easier to light, cut downing dud and thereby bettering emanations, public presentation and fuel economic system. Sing power end product, H augments the mixture ‘s energy denseness at thin mixtures by increasing the hydrogen-to-carbon ratio, and thereby improves torsion at wide-open throttle conditions. Current Status: A few car makers have been making some work in the development of hydrogen-powered vehicles ( Ford has late announced that they have developed a â€Å"production ready† hydrogen-powered vehicle utilizing an ICE and BMW has completed a universe circuit exposing a twelve or so hydrogen-powered 750i vehicles ) . However, it is non likely that any hydrogen-powered vehicles will be available to the populace until there is an equal re-fuelling substructure and trained technicians to mend and keep these vehicles. Like current gasoline-powered vehicles, the design of each H powered vehicle will most likely vary from maker to maker and theoretical account to pattern. One theoretical account may be simple in design and operation, for illustration, a thin combustion fuel metering scheme utilizing no emanation control systems such as EGR, catalytic convertor, evaporate fuel case shot, etc. Another theoretical account may be really sophisticated in design and operation, for illustration, utilizing an EGR fuel metering scheme with a catalytic convertor, multiple flicker stoppers, etc. Until such clip that a H substructure exists, hydrogen/natural gas fuel blends provide a logical passage to to the full hydrogen-powered vehicles. These vehicles can run on either fuel, depending on handiness How to cite Engine powered by liquid hydrogen, Essay examples

Two Kinds By Amy Tan Essays (952 words) - Two Kinds, Chinatown

Two Kinds By Amy Tan An Interpretive Essay: "Two Kinds" by Amy Tan Turning through pages of stories the words within them appear to be dimensionless and static. As one begins reading, a discovery of a spirited journey is made. In the story, "Two Kinds" written by Amy Tan a crucial component she created was the narrator. The narrative voice develops the tone, symbolism, language, and characters in the story which make the story come alive in your thoughts. Jing-Mei is the narrator who is a daughter of a Chinese immigrant. As the story advances, her journey of struggle through the relationship with her overbearing mother is unraveled. Instantly there is a closeness felt with Jing-Mei. This is because of the part she plays as a protagonist. You can understand what she is going through because she is portraying a storyteller. She is a first person narrator who helps you see out of the eyes of a young Chinese American girl. The way in which she addresses herself with the pronoun I and her mother as she show that the words and thoughts are a part of her. As Jing-Mei speaks about a time in her childhood when her mother pushed her to become a prodigy, there are recognizable immature qualities she possessed. She was highly imaginative and satisfied with the ongoing process to become perfect. The words she used were highly vibrant images. She fantasizes of being "like the Christ child lifted out of the straw manger, crying with holy indignity." Her hope is to be perfect, not for the reward of fame, but for the love of her parents. She wanted to make them happy and please them. This is something that almost all children want to do. As Jing-Mei wished more and more to be this type of super kid rebellion was inevitable. This was also a trait borne out of her childishness. While her mother wanted to create a genius, she wanted to demolish her dream. This change of heart occurred after numerous tests her mother had given her to memorize bible passages and world capitals. Each time she was wrong and faltered in remembering there were continued looks of disappointment from her mother. By this time she stopped fantasizing about being something special. She desired independence from her mother and resists the high standards her mother has set for her. Jing-Mei thought, "I won't let her change me, I promised myself." Moreover she rejects the hope of being the child prodigy. With a child's perspective we can be given the truth. Jing-Mei has an honest view of the world, so we can trust what she is feeling. Her reactions and emotions are blunt. During the showdown after the talent show fiasco she protested that she was not going to anymore piano lessons. She exchanged heated words with her mother. After knowing her mother had lost her twin daughters she said the meanest thing she could. Jing-Mei shouted, "I wish I were dead! Like them." Her words displayed every ounce of strength and anger she had. The dialogue exchanged between her and her mother are sound very realistic, so trust has been established with the reader and the narrator. Jing-Mei's mother has jumbled up English words with some Chinese words. This alternation of mostly choppy English and her cultural dialect makes her mother sound like an authentic Chinese mother. She called her daughter "ni kan" and commented that Auntie Lindo's "daughter, she is only best tricky." Jing-Mei's words are also not too simple, but not complicated either. You can sympathize with her situation and the choosing of her passionate words. She sobbed and said during an argument, "I'll never be the kind of daughter you want me to be!" This exhibited how strongly she felt about expressing herself. During most of the story the tone is set by the anger and disappointment. This is characterized by the daughter feeling that she was never acceptable to her mother. She asked, "Why don't you like me the way I am?" The only way she could handle her mother's expectations was to always succumb to defeat. By the end of the story the tone takes a different turn. In addition, the voice has matured from a girl into a woman. Jing-Mei's mother offers the piano that they had fought over as a peace offering. Jing-Mei always thought that throughout her life even after the piano fight she had failed her mother by dropping out of college and not getting straight A's. Finally, she found that her mother never